Rule by man aims to regulate human relations. (Zheng Xuan: Annotations on The Book of Rites) 去书内

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    The phrase “Rule by man” (Renzhi) is a core ancient Chinese governance concept. The quote from Zheng Xuan’s annotations on The Book of Rites clarifies its core purpose: it is designed to standardize and order interpersonal ethical bonds. Unlike rule relying merely on rigid laws, rule by man centers on cultivating proper human relations as the foundation of stable governance. It prioritizes moral regulation of people, laying groundwork for rituals and music, and reflects Confucian ideas of benevolent, ethics-centered administration that shapes society through guiding human conduct.

    2026-06-13 喜欢(0) 回复(0)