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  At the very beginning, Hugo sets up an external foil for Valjean’s restlessness through the postman’s casual comment “That man is in a devilish hurry”. The postman is a neutral outsider who only observes Valjean’s reckless speeding from an objective perspective, unaware of the heavy secret and moral struggle pushing the protagonist forward. This third-person observation briefly outlines Valjean’s frantic image from the outside, then the narrative perspective instantly shifts deep into Valjean’s inner world, creating a sharp contrast between external action and internal chaos. The text repeatedly raises the confusing question “Whither was he going?” and gives no definite answer, which is the core of Valjean’s mental confusion. On the surface, he is riding toward Arras to save Champmathieu, an innocent man mistaken for a thief; yet deep down, he cannot fully explain why he must rush there desperately. He drives randomly straight into the dark night, trapped in a spiritual gulf that he cannot escape. This unclear sense of direction symbolizes his wandering moral identity: he has escaped prison and rebuilt a respectable identity as mayor Madeleine, but his old criminal identity keeps haunting him, dragging him into a moral dilemma with no easy way out. .

  2026-06-13 喜欢(0) 回复(0)