柏拉图提示您:修辞术最终的关键标准还是善和美德。
The dialogue begins just after Gorgias has given a speech. Callicles says that Gorgias is a guest in his home, and has agreed to a private audience with Socrates and his friend Chaerephon. Socrates gets Gorgias to agree to his cross-examination style of conversation, asks him questions, and praises him for the brevity of his replies. Gorgias remarks that no one has asked him a new question in a long time, and when Socrates asks, he assures him that he is just as capable of brevity as of long-windedness (449c).
《高尔吉亚篇》中,柏拉图探讨了在伦理学、价值和社会领域中最为重要的几大主题:自由、幸福和正义。苏格拉底在驳斥智者时,阐明了唯有正义和良善之人才是自由的和幸福的。苏格拉底所提出的核心哲学问题是:我们应该过什么样的生活?知识和信念的区别是什么?如何区分快乐与善?同时也批评高尔吉亚是以优雅言辞娱乐他人的演说家,无需认识真理也能学习说服他人的技巧。
Gorgias (Greek: Γοργίας) is a Socratic dialogue written by Plato around 380 BC. In this dialogue, Socrates seeks the true definition of rhetoric, attempting to pinpoint the essence of rhetoric and unveil the flaws of the sophistic oratory popular in Athens at this time. The art of persuasion was widely considered necessary for political and legal advantage in classical Athens, and rhetoricians promoted themselves as teachers of this fundamental skill. Some, like Gorgias, were foreigners attracted to Athens because of its reputation for intellectual and cultural sophistication. In the Gorgias, Socrates argues that philosophy is an art, whereas rhetoric is a skill based on mere experience. To Socrates, most rhetoric in practice is merely flattery. In order to use rhetoric for good, rhetoric cannot exist alone; it must depend on philosophy to guide its morality. Socrates, therefore, believes that morality is not inherent in rhetoric and that without philosophy, rhetoric is simply used to persuade for personal gain. Socrates suggests that he is one of the few (but not only) Athenians to practice true politics.
- 高尔吉亚篇
- GORGIAS
“but will he answer our questions? For I want to hear from him...” 全部笔记(1) 去书内
What Socrates want to know set the form of the dialogue
2023-02-17 喜欢(0) 回复(0)
“但他们不够坦率,他们太谦虚。为什么呢?他们谦虚到如此地步以至于当面对一大群同伴的时候,论及最为紧要关头的大事时,他们不得不反驳自己” 全部笔记(1) 去书内
that's me
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“他的病不会治愈,因为他像孩子般害怕灼烧和手术的疼痛——这难道不是很相似的事情吗” 全部笔记(1) 去书内
最后的结论来了:罪恶的灵魂如果没有经过洗礼那么他的灵魂就是罪恶的
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“当你补充说修辞学家可以滥用修辞术时,我惊讶地注意到你陷入了前后不一致之中” 全部笔记(1) 去书内
啥时候说的可以滥用修辞术
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“我是说问一个能引导他这样作答的问题” 全部笔记(1) 去书内
open ended question
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“A marvel, indeed, Socrates, if you only knew how rhetoric...” 全部笔记(1) 去书内
如果你仅仅知道修辞学如何理解和支配其他次一级的技艺的话。
2023-02-09 喜欢(0) 回复(0)
“And the rhetorician does not instruct the courts of law or...” 全部笔记(1) 去书内
修辞学家并不对法庭和其他集会的人就公正与不公进行指导,但是他使人相信;因为不可能有人能在短时间内就这样高深的话题对如此广大的民众群体进行指导?
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“SOCRATES: Then rhetoric, as would appear, is the artificer of...” 全部笔记(1) 去书内
苏格拉底:那么修辞学是一种能够劝说别人相信公正与不公的技艺,但它不提供对公正与不公的指导,是吗?
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“soul and body being two, have two arts corresponding to them” 全部笔记(1) 去书内
binary worldview
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“Rhetoric, according to my view, is the ghost or counterfeit of...” 全部笔记(1) 去书内
毋宁说是政治的一部分
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